The Bank of Spain sees necessary adjustments in spending or income to sustain pensions and calls for a comprehensive tax reform that lowers income taxes by raising indirect ones. He sees it difficult to gauge even if the labor reform makes temporary contracts permanent or destroys them.
“The uncertainties generated by the war in Ukraine and those that still persist derived from the pandemic”, as well as the structural challenges facing the Spanish economy, make it necessary to have a “comprehensive strategy of ambitious reforms with a
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