the Water the oxygen content of the world ocean will be reduced an alarming rate. The international conservation organisation IUCN (switch to another service) has released a broad study of madrid’s climate summit.
IUCN study confirms last year’s Science-scientific journal (you move to another service) published the findings, according to which the amount of oxygen in seawater decreases everywhere on earth. Hundreds of seas of oxygen is decreased even so drastically, that the marine animals can get along.
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the Finnish environment institute senior researcher Seppo Knuuttila told the yle interview that the oxygen reduction in the water warming is simple physics.
Oxygen solubility in water decreases to 0.26 milligrams per liter per one degree rise in temperature, Knuuttila clarify.
the Zero-degree surface water oxygen content is usually from 12 to 13 milligrams per liter. When the water warms up to 18-20 degrees, the amount of oxygen is reduced to 8-9 in milligrams per liter.
the bottom animals and fish begin to die if oxygen is less than two milligrams per liter.
IUCN’s research shows that the years of 1960 and 2010 the amount of oxygen in the ocean has decreased by an average of two per cent.
of Particular concern is the fact that a completely oxygen-free by the area of the volume is the same period quadrupled. Also their number has increased. When in the 1960s anoxic areas was on earth 45, now there are at least 700.
Since the oceans absorb heat by warming of the atmosphere, oxygen reduction is expected to continue at least a century, until the end.
the Sea surface water temperature changes 1880 – 2015. 0-level as in 2000.Leena Luotio / Yle, source: heart rate destructive to the fish
the Oxygen reduction is already changed in the ocean biological balance. Large and fast moving fish that need a lot of oxygen, have suffered. Such species are, for example, sharks, sail fish and tuna.
Large fish move hapekkaissa the surface of the water, where they are subjected to more easily fish the fishermen catch.
the Oxygen reduction is not harm, for example, a jellyfish and a squid, with a proportional share eliöstöstä can grow.
the strongest oxygen reduction in the sea surface layers always thousand meters syyvyteen until. The vast majority of fish live in these waters.
Fish in the sea the Cape Town coast in South Africa.Nic Bothma / EPA
Warming problem associated with it, that the water masses are no longer in the mix as well, but the different temperature waters are deposited.
When the temperature difference between the surface layer and at the beginning of between increases, the water mixes with the worse, when the shallow coastal waters are exposed to anoxia, told the special investigator Knuuttila.
the most Difficult situation on the equator and the beaches near
the IUCN’s map shows that the sea in which oxygen has begun to decline, particularly in the equatorial region, inter alia in the eastern Pacific, the arabian sea and the bay of Bengal.
Sea areas where the oxygen concentration is decreased.Leena Luotio / Yle, source: heart RATE
Much of the items is also the coastal close, particularly at the point where rivers bring nutrients into the sea.
Seppo Knuuttila, according to oxygen-free of have two “driver”, the causative agent. The second is the water warming, which seems, in particular oceans seas regions. The coast near the larger elements are still the nutrients that end up in water bodies, inter alia, agriculture and forestry.
the Latter Knuuttila cites the example of the gulf of Mexico the northern part, where there is a huge oxygen-depleted area.
Knuuttila, according to gulf of Mexico anoxia due to the mississippi river from the huge nutrient amount. It is from the Us midwest, the eye does not reach crops, in particular corn field day.
Also in the Baltic sea the situation is getting worse
Seppo Knuuttila has during his career been investigating a lot of the Baltic sea conditions. He told reporters that although the ultimate cause of the Baltic sea oxygen depletion in the catchment area to the sea nutrients carried, also warming affected the Baltic sea. Today the majority kuormittaja is agriculture and forestry. Waste water discharges is largely under control, he told reporters.
the Baltic sea has warmed over the last hundred years, three degrees. Two degrees has become since 1990, Knuuttila.
He recalls the year 2018, which was the Baltic sea area very warm. The baltic sea surface temperature the annual average rise recorded history of the higher.
the marine research vessel Aranda, which the condition of the Baltic sea has been studied.Rolf Granqvist / Yle
the Swedish meteorological institute SMHI report annually to the Baltic sea, the oxygen depleted water mass volume and the oxygen depleted bottom surface area. In 2018 these figures will rise to a record. SMHI told the report that the poor oxygen situation may partly be a record warm weather.
We, for example, salmon fish and burbot have adapted to cold water, so they suffer from the warming, Knuuttila.
Some species, in turn, are resistant to warming, or even benefit from it. These include, for example, cyprinids, and walleye.
Knuuttila raises the Baltic ecosystem the main components of kelp, which is known today as rakkohauru. It gives the fish shelter and food.
according to a Recent study rakkohauru not last more than 27 degrees rising water temperatures, but begins in the temperature in the die. In the summer of 2018 this temperature was reached up to the Baltic sea. Knuuttila keep this very troubling.
Warming is not the only Baltic sea ecosystem-threatening danger. Sea surface layer salinity is decreasing, and in the longer term, emissions of carbon dioxide-induced acidification is a major threat.
Seawater acidification complicates the particular lime shells of organisms such as bivalve molluscs, livelihoods, and harm to fish eggs hatch.
We have many dramatic developments going on at the same time, special investigator Knuuttila summed up.
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BBC : Climate change: Oceans running out of oxygen as temperatures rise (you move to another service)
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