the MEXICO CITY – The integration switches for the job. There are approximately 232 million international migrants (about 3% of the population all over the world) and it is estimated that the total number will increase to 30 million by 2030. Human mobility is a complex phenomenon and multidimensional, interconnected with other phenomena such as climate change and conflict, violence and epidemics. Then, you need to draw a strategic framework, beyond the national policies that allow the integration of the migrant population, and to be able to succeed the work is a crucial element.
The importance of banking institutions for migration . In the process of reducing the vulnerability of an individual and his or her family, the ability to start and manage a business, an important instrument of social mobility, is increasingly linked to access to stocks of the financial system. During the G20 summit in Los Cabos, Mexico, which took place in June 2012 – founding moment for the affirmation of the principles inherent in the processes of inclusion, which was attended by 25 Countries, and two representatives of the European Union – the member Countries adopted different indicators to measure the inclusion (The Basic Set), with the objective of strengthening the process of standardization of access to financial services. It is stated, in substance, the principle according to which it is necessary to involve financial operators, the different banking institutions and governments to promote financial inclusion of migrants, in a context of mobility.
attention to the refugees from Venezuela. During the Foromic 2019, the Forum for innovation in Latin America and the Caribbean, organized by the inter American development Bank (IDB) has addressed this issue, giving an impetus to pilot projects, such as Progreso Sin Fronteras bank of colombia Bancamia, which is offering programs in credit and financial education to hundreds of refugees from venezuela. Foromic, the leading event in Latin America and the Caribbean on the issue of inclusion, was held in Punta Cana, in the Dominican Republic, from 30 October to 1 November, with the theme of “re-inclusion”. The forum was organized by the group from the IDB, led by the IDB Lab, the laboratory of innovation of the group. We have focused on how to reinvent inclusion through creative ideas, digital solutions and new business models. Intent unfortunately, to date, only advertised, and not have the product at the moment no concrete outcome. The event in Punta Cana is not the platform to try to bring together innovators and global players, and local willing to solve the problems of the inclusion of Latin America and the Caribbean.
Regular and formal market. and Yet – it is a widespread belief – migrants may contribute to the development of the communities in which they live and work: currently between 10 and 15% of the migration is irregular, both in terms of entry into the country of destination from the point of view of the regularity of labour relations: the two phenomena are closely related. Irregular migration and the work of the “informal” have to do with the high levels of exploitation with forced labour and with a greater likelihood of other violations of human rights. For this, the two phenomena are related to the rights of citizenship. An important step to exit from informality is the possibility of access to financial services, without which the payments must be in cash, a mode which requires objectively to resort to the market informal.
The need to participate economically . In economics, the concept of opportunity cost is used to measure the potential that arises from the use of, missed an opportunity associated with a phenomenon or economic behavior. By applying the concept to the phenomenon of migration, this represents an important indicator of the opportunity to exploit the wealth of social and economic associated with the integration of the migrants: a question that connects the political citizenship with the economic. The participation to the economic system constitutes a relevant aspect of the broader process of social integration, thereby creating even greater possibilities of participation in the system of rules and social conventions. A process in which the financial inclusion is a key element. Access to financial services and their use are a prerequisite for participation in economic life: access to instruments of social assistance, until the access to the market of the real work.
The initiatives of microfinance in the Countries of origin . Thinking about the rural communities from where comes most of the people migrants and their families, often women are the ones who remain and who must keep accounts, CODESPA, a NGO that works in Latin America, it is busy to promote the microfinance community in Guatemala, developing the Program `EntreTODOS. Education groups to savings and credit. EntreTODOS is formed by groups of people who find themselves in a situation of poverty or extreme poverty and that combine to contribute with a regular supply of money. With this form a common fund for lending among their members. This allows them to generate profits for themselves and to have access to liquidity to cover their needs. This model has advantages that go beyond access to savings and micro-credit, such as financial education, vulnerability reduction and the promotion of solidarity and associativity between its members.
the good practice of The home-bred . In Italy there is The National Observatory on Financial Inclusion of Migrants is a long-term project, born from the collaboration between the Ministry of the Interior and the Italian Banking Association (ABI). First experience in Italy and in Europe, the Observatory aims to provide a tool of analysis, and constant monitoring and organic phenomenon of financial inclusion of migrants in our country, providing to actors and institutions tools of knowledge and interaction that can help identify and define integrated strategies for strengthening and expansion.
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