The wage gap increases in occupations where men are a clear majority. In these cases, women are charged 14.7% less, on average, per hour worked. In contrast, low enough, when there is parity. Remains at 8.4%, that is to say, decreases, but the gap is not closed, is still there, according to a study by the BBVA Foundation and the Valencian Economic Research Institute (IVIE). Between the two cases are the occupations feminised. In these situations, women perceive a remuneration 11.1% lower.
When measuring the gender pay gap per hour, the difference between the remuneration segregated by sex is reduced. The gross data of the annual salary shows that women charge a 22,3% less, according to data from the wage structure survey of 2014, the latest data available and that provide the basis in this research.
This difference gross of more than 22% in the income of annual salary can be explained by several reasons that need not mean a legal discrimination -paying less per hour to a woman than a man for the same job is illegal – or at least it is not very obvious. There are factors that influence the number of hours worked: many more women than men are employed part-time.
Another factor is precisely that of the professions and occupations masculinized, because there are cases in which the own collective agreements give rise to situations that involve discrimination de facto. A common example is that of several agreements at the province level of cleaning in the categories of cleaner, (work done largely by women) have salaries lower than those of glass cleaner or Süperbahis the drivers.
when it comes To defining what is a profession masculizada, the researchers of this study take those in which men account for 65% of the group. In this definition fit in, directors, executives, professionals, new technologies, mechanics, painters, masons, and workers, technicians and engineering supervisors, drivers, electricians…
The situation is reversed when we speak of a work’s feminized, among which are health, teachers and teachers, administrative officers, receptionists, thing, care givers. Parity, neither sex accounts for more than 60% nor less than 40%, is reached at the library, a specialist organization in the public and private sector, cultural professionals or accounting and finance employees.
“To decrease or even eradicate the wage differences between the sexes, it would be advisable, among other measures, to reduce to the maximum the segregation of gender that have occupations in the economy”, discusses the study. The first that asks for root it is “designing educational policies at all stages to promote gender equality, and guiding people towards their career and future occupation based on their capabilities and not by the gender with which they identify in society.”
The results come the researchers of the IVIE and the BBVA Foundation are a further indication that points in the direction that men and women do not receive equal remuneration for work of equal value, one of the demands of the feminist movement. Refine the data up to the point of achieve a result that is indisputable about this is almost impossible with the existing information. However, there is other research that also point in that direction. One of the most recent was directed by Economics professor José Ignacio Conde-Ruiz, who was soon evident that the women charged with 12.7% less time on “similar tasks”.
