the Fall of the traditional Nobel prize week has begun in medicine award recipients announced by the Karolinska institute in Stockholm.

the winners are Gregg Semenza, Sir Peter Ratcliffe and William Kaelin merits of the cells for basic research. They have studied how cells detect available amount of oxygen and react to it.

the Cells have to be able to continue their activities, although their oxygen would be reduced substantially. Semenza, Ratcliffe and Kaelin are the research explained how these reactions occur.

Oxygen is essential to humans and other animals consume food turns into usable energy. It has been known for a long time, but the cells adapting to different oxygen levels has been a mystery.

Semenza, Ratcliffe and Kaelin identified the investigation of molecular activities that regulate genetic activity in different oxygen conditions.

Häiriintyneillä reaction is the effect of many diseases, from anemia to heart attacks, stroke you, and cancers. Cells by oxygen is also essential in, among other things, how the fetus develops during pregnancy, how does exercise affect muscle cells and how wounds heal.

the Nobel panel mentioned in the explanatory statement also, that the ability of cells to adapt to varying oxygen levels is a key reason that the animal kingdom has been able to colonize very different environments. Without this skill living in high altitude areas would be impossible.

the Size of the award justification is available on the Nobel foundation web page (go to another service) in Swedish or in English.

Semenza and Kaelin are american, Ratcliffe british. Nine million sek over eur 830 000 winning amount is divided equally between them keskensä.

In a Twitter message, smiling Ratcliffe has just heard of his victory:

literature awards, exceptionally, two

the Nobel week continues Tuesday, the physics prize. On Wednesday it is the turn of chemistry and Thursday literature. The week culminated on Friday in Oslo, the disclosure of a peace prize. Next Monday, set to complement even the economics prize.

the literature prize winners is this year two, because last year the prize was postponed to the Swedish academy in the unfolding of the scandal.

the Nobel panel decided that its confidence enough to reward a choice, when sexual harassment was born of a stir and that poor care had led to eight members of the academy.

the Foundation funded the town hall you choose

the Nobel prizes to fund the foundation, which the dynamite invented by rich, in 1896 dead Swedish chemist-engineer Alfred Nobel established in his will.

Each prize value is currently nine million sek, i.e. over eur 830 000. If the winner is a number, the sum is divided by their keskensä.

the recipients of the Awards did not select the foundation, but at the karolinska institute, the royal Swedish academy of sciences, the Swedish academy and the Norwegian Nobel committee.

the Economics award is nominally the Nobel prize, but it will give the Swedish central bank.

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